|
S/N
|
Drugs
|
Group
|
Mode of Action
|
Route
|
Dosage
|
Indication
|
Contraindication
|
Nursing Responsibilities
|
|
1.
|
Flagyl (Metronidazole)
|
Anti-biotics,
Anti-amoebic, Anti-microbial, Anti-protozoal, Anti-trichomonal drug.
|
It
alters the biosythesis of cell wall of the protozoon or microbe thereby
altering cell permeability with loss of intracellular constituents.
|
Orally, Suppositorily, Intravenously.
|
400mg 3times daily.
|
Metronidazole
is used for treatment of Amoebic dysentry, Liver abscess, vaginal and
urethral Abortion, Diverticulitis, Septicaemia, pre and post operatively.
|
CNS
diseases, Blood Dyscrasis, Pregnancy, known hypersensitivity reaction,
Hepatic Leucopenia.
|
Monitor
for seizures and peripheral neuropathy.
Not
to be administered to pregnant, Lactating mothers or patients with known
hypersensitivity reactions, Hepatic encephalopathy and central Nervous system
disease. Intake of Alcohol is to be avoided within 24 hours of intake because
it may produce Disulfiram.
|
|
2.
|
Lipitor
(Atorvastatin)
|
A
synthetic lipid-lowering drug or a statin drug.
|
Helps
to lower the plasma cholesterol and Lipoprotein levels by inhibiting an
enzyme called 3-Hydroxy-3 Methylglutaryl co enzyme A (HMG coA) reductase,
that is involved in Cholesterol synthesis especially in the Liver.
|
Orally
(in tablet form)
|
10mg daily.
|
Homozygous
familiar hypercholestereolaemia, Non-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or
for the prevention of cardiovascular events in type-2 Diabetes or in patients
who have not responded adequately to diet and other measures.
|
Porphyria,
Hepatic disorder, Pregnancy, Breast feeding and Hypersensitivity.
|
Advise
patient to report promptly unexplained muscle pain, tenderness or muscle
weakness particularly if accompanied by malaise or fever and treatment is to
be discontinued if such complaints are reported.
Monitor
Liver function tests before the commencement of treatment.
Efforts
should be made to control hypercholesterolemia with appropriate diet,
exercise and body weight reduction in obese patients before commencement of
Astorvastatin.
|
|
3.
|
Lasix
(Frusemide)
|
Loop or Potent Diuretics
|
It
acts on the Loop of Henle and even the Distal Convoluted Tubule, preventing
reabsorption into the blood stream of sodium, chloride, water and potassium,
thereby increasing the urinary output, and reducing the Oedema.
|
Orally, Intramuscularly,
Intravenously.
|
40mg 2times daily
|
Toxaemia
of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, congestive cardiac failure, pulmonary oedema,
Nephrotic syndrome, Ascites in liver cirrhosis, hypertension.
|
Renail
failure, Burns, Shock, Cholera, Gastricenteritis, precomastose states
associated with liver cirrhosis.
|
Monitor
intake and output chart for the patient.
Give
the prescribed potassium supplement to prevent Hypokalemia.
Weigh
the patient daily.
Advise
on low or restrict of salt (sodium) intake in the diet to enable
effectiveness of Frusemide.
|
|
4.
|
Lisinopril
(Lisiofil)
|
Anti-Hypertensive drug.
|
It
inhibits Angiotensin converting enzyme, thereby reducing the peripheral
resistance, dilating the blood vessels and reducing the blood pressure.
|
Orally
|
5mg daily
|
Hypertension,
Myocardial infarction, Heart failure.
|
Hypersensitivity
reaction to Lisinopril, History of angiodema related to previous treatment
with Angiotensin Convertung Enzyme, Aortic Stenosis.
|
Lisinopril
should not be given to patients with Aortic Stenosis, Urinary tarct
obstruction, and impaired renal function.
Patients
with existing renal disease, or taking high doses should be regularly
monitored for proteinuria.
|
|
5.
|
Spironlactone
(Aldactone)
|
Potassium-sparing (or conserving)
Diuretic.
|
It
antagonizes Aldosterone and then promotes the excretion of sodium chloride
and water in the urine with little loss of potassium ions. Hence, helps to
conserve adequate quantity of potassium in the body without any need for
potassium supplement.
|
Orally
|
50mg 2times daily.
|
Congestive
heart failure, hypertension, Primary Aldosteronism if surgery is not
feasible, Hepatic cirrhosis, Idiopathic Oedema, Nephrotic Syndrome.
|
Renal
impairment, Anuria, Hyperkalaemia, Lactation, Addison’s disease, Shock,
Cholera, Gastroenteritis, burns.
|
Aldactone
should not be given concomitantly with potassium salts.
Maintain
intaje and output chart for the patient.
Observe
the vital signs.
Weigh
the patient daily.
Do not give potassium supplements to prevent hyperkalaemia
in patient.
|
|
6.
|
Ferosoft
|
|
|
|
2.5mg daily
|
|
|
|
Comments
Post a Comment